[MongoDB] PyMongo 튜토리얼

 

In [1]:

from IPython.core.display import display, HTML

display(HTML("<style>.container { width:100% !important; }</style>"))

 

 

 

View Source

 

MongoDB Docker Tutorial¶

 

Objective¶

• Docker를 활용한 MongoDB 실행
• MongoDB Basics & Shell Command
• PyMongo를 활용한 Python MongoDB Client 사용법

 

1. Docker를 활용한 MongoDB 실행¶

• https://poiemaweb.com/docker-mongodb
• https://www.bmc.com/blogs/mongodb-docker-container/

 

# MongoDB image 다운로드
$ docker pull mongo

# MongoDB image 확인
$ docker images

# MongoDB Container 구동
$ docker run --name mongodb-container -v ~/data_db:/data/db -d -p 27017:27017 mongo

# MongoDB Docker 컨테이너 중지
$ docker stop mongodb-container

# MongoDB Docker 컨테이너 시작
$ docker start mongodb-container

# MongoDB Docker 컨테이너 재시작
$ docker restart mongodb-container

# MongoDB Docker 컨테이너 접속
$ docker exec -it mongodb-container bash

 

2. MongDB Basics & Shell Commands¶

 

2-1. MongoDB Basics¶

• MongoDB 구조 : Database > Collections > Documents
  • Database
    • MongoDB에서 Database는 documents들의 collections으로 구성되어 있으며, 여러개의 databases 생성할 수 있습니다.
  • Collections
    • Collections 는 RDB의 tables과 같으며 documents 형태로 데이터를 저장합니다. 하나의 database는 여러개의 collections을 저장할 수 있습니다.
  • Documetns
    • MongoDB 에서 데이터 레코들들이 BSON documents의 형태로 저장됩니다. BSON 은 binary representation of JSON documents의 약자이며 JSON에 비해 더 많은 데이터 타입을 포함합니다. document는 field-value 혹은 key-value 형태로 만들어지며 이때 value은 아무 BSON 타입이 될 수 있습니다.
• Schemaless:
  • MongoDB databases 스키마가 없습니다. 그러므로 collection내에서 하나의 document의 스키마와 다른 document의 스키마가 일치할 필요가 없습니다. 하나의 collection 내에서 다양한 형태의 documents를 포함하니다.
• https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/mongodb-database-collection-and-document/

 

2-2. MongoDB Shell Commands¶

# Docker Container 에서 mongo db 접속
mongo 

# mongodb database 확인
show dbs

# test database 생성 및 전환 (실제 생성 시점은 database에 content가 추가될때) 
use test

# test database에서 'col' collection 생성 및 document 저장 
db.col.insertOne({"hello" : ['hi','sad','happy'], '_id' : '0'})
db.col.insertOne({"hello" : ['hi','sad','happy','for real?'], '_id' : '1'})

# document 확인 
db.col.find();

# id 로 찾기 
db.col.find({'_id' : "0"})
db.col.find({'_id' : "1"})

 

3. PyMongo를 활용한 Python MongoDB Client 사용법¶

 

3-1. PyMongo 설치¶

$ pip install pymongo

 

3-2. Python MongoDB Client 실행¶

from pymongo import MongoClient

# 방법1 - URI
mongodb_URI = "mongodb://localhost:27017/"
client = MongoClient(mongodb_URI)

# 방법2 - HOST, PORT
client = MongoClient(host='localhost', port=27017)

 

3-2. Python MongoDB Client api¶

In [1]:

from pymongo import MongoClient
client = MongoClient(host='localhost', port=27017)

In [2]:

# MongoDB Database 확인
for db in client.list_databases():
    print(db)

 

{'name': 'admin', 'sizeOnDisk': 40960, 'empty': False}
{'name': 'config', 'sizeOnDisk': 110592, 'empty': False}
{'name': 'local', 'sizeOnDisk': 73728, 'empty': False}
{'name': 'test', 'sizeOnDisk': 8192, 'empty': False}

 

Database & Collection 생성 및 삭제¶

In [3]:

# MongoDB Database 생성

# 실제 database 생성 시점은 data가 database에 존재해야함
db = client["database2"]

# collection 생성
col = db["collection1"]

# document 생성
doc = {"hello" : "world", "hi" : "world"}

# document mongodb 
x = col.insert_one(doc)

In [4]:

# "database2" DB 생성 확인
for db in client.list_databases():
    print(db)

 

{'name': 'admin', 'sizeOnDisk': 40960, 'empty': False}
{'name': 'config', 'sizeOnDisk': 110592, 'empty': False}
{'name': 'database2', 'sizeOnDisk': 8192, 'empty': False}
{'name': 'local', 'sizeOnDisk': 73728, 'empty': False}
{'name': 'test', 'sizeOnDisk': 8192, 'empty': False}

In [5]:

# MongoDB 'database2' Database 삭제

print("List of databases before deletion\n--------------------------")
for x in client.list_database_names():
  print(x)
  
#delete database named 'test'
client.drop_database('database2')

print("\nList of databases after deletion\n--------------------------")
for x in client.list_database_names():
  print(x)

 

List of databases before deletion
--------------------------
admin
config
database2
local
test

List of databases after deletion
--------------------------
admin
config
local
test

In [6]:

# MongoDB 'test' Database Collection 확인
mydb = client['test']

print("List of collections\n--------------------")

#list the collections
for coll in mydb.list_collection_names():
    print(coll)

 

List of collections
--------------------
col

In [7]:

# MongoDB 'test' Database 'col2' Collection 추가
mydb = client['test']
col2 = mydb['col2']
doc2 = {"hello" : ['hi','sad','happy','for real?'], '_id' : '0', 'hihi' : 'real'}
col2.insert_one(doc2)

Out[7]:

<pymongo.results.InsertOneResult at 0x7fec73589af0>

In [8]:

print("List of collections\n--------------------")
for coll in mydb.list_collection_names():
    print(coll)

 

List of collections
--------------------
col2
col

In [9]:

# MongoDB 'test' Database 'col2' Collection 삭제 
print("List of collections before deletion\n--------------------------")
for x in mydb.list_collection_names():
  print(x)
  
#get collection named "developers"
mycol = mydb["col2"]
  
#delete or drop collection
mycol.drop()

print("\nList of collections after deletion\n--------------------------")
for x in mydb.list_collection_names():
  print(x)

 

List of collections before deletion
--------------------------
col2
col

List of collections after deletion
--------------------------
col

 

Document 생성 (Single/Multi)¶

In [10]:

# "test" Database - "col" collection - update single document 
test_col = client['test']['col']
document = { "name": "Kiku", "address": "Germany" }
test_col.insert_one(document)

Out[10]:

<pymongo.results.InsertOneResult at 0x7fec735aabe0>

In [11]:

# print all the documents in the collection
for x in test_col.find():
  print(x)

 

{'_id': '0', 'hello': ['hi', 'sad', 'happy']}
{'_id': '1', 'hello': ['hi', 'sad', 'happy', 'for real?']}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de7f676c0c68074434d8'), 'name': 'Kiku', 'address': 'Germany'}

In [12]:

# find document by _id
result = test_col.find({'_id' : '1'})
for doc in result:
    print(doc)

 

{'_id': '1', 'hello': ['hi', 'sad', 'happy', 'for real?']}

In [13]:

# Update multiple Document
#list of documents
arr = [{ "name": "Kiku", "address": "Germany" },
		{ "name": "Lini", "address": "Sweden" },
		{ "name": "Sree", "address": "India" },
		{ "name": "Raghu", "address": "India" },
		{ "name": "Mams", "address": "France" }]

#insert multiple documents
x = test_col.insert_many(arr)

print('ids of inserted documents\n---------------------')
for id in x.inserted_ids:
	print(id)

 

ids of inserted documents
---------------------
62b3de87676c0c68074434d9
62b3de87676c0c68074434da
62b3de87676c0c68074434db
62b3de87676c0c68074434dc
62b3de87676c0c68074434dd

In [14]:

# print all the documents in the collection
for x in test_col.find():
  print(x)

 

{'_id': '0', 'hello': ['hi', 'sad', 'happy']}
{'_id': '1', 'hello': ['hi', 'sad', 'happy', 'for real?']}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de7f676c0c68074434d8'), 'name': 'Kiku', 'address': 'Germany'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434d9'), 'name': 'Kiku', 'address': 'Germany'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434da'), 'name': 'Lini', 'address': 'Sweden'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434db'), 'name': 'Sree', 'address': 'India'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434dc'), 'name': 'Raghu', 'address': 'India'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434dd'), 'name': 'Mams', 'address': 'France'}

 

Document 삭제 (Single/Multi)¶

In [16]:

from bson.objectid import ObjectId 

In [17]:

# "test" Database - "col" collection - delete single document 
test_col = client['test']['col']

print('Documents in Collection\n-----------------------')
for doc in test_col.find():
    print(doc)
    
# delete '_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434dd')
query = {'_id' : ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434dd')}
test_col.delete_one(query)
                          
print('\nDocuments in Collection after delete_one()\n-----------------------')
for doc in test_col.find():
    print(doc)
                          

 

Documents in Collection
-----------------------
{'_id': '0', 'hello': ['hi', 'sad', 'happy']}
{'_id': '1', 'hello': ['hi', 'sad', 'happy', 'for real?']}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de7f676c0c68074434d8'), 'name': 'Kiku', 'address': 'Germany'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434d9'), 'name': 'Kiku', 'address': 'Germany'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434da'), 'name': 'Lini', 'address': 'Sweden'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434db'), 'name': 'Sree', 'address': 'India'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434dc'), 'name': 'Raghu', 'address': 'India'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434dd'), 'name': 'Mams', 'address': 'France'}

Documents in Collection after delete_one()
-----------------------
{'_id': '0', 'hello': ['hi', 'sad', 'happy']}
{'_id': '1', 'hello': ['hi', 'sad', 'happy', 'for real?']}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de7f676c0c68074434d8'), 'name': 'Kiku', 'address': 'Germany'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434d9'), 'name': 'Kiku', 'address': 'Germany'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434da'), 'name': 'Lini', 'address': 'Sweden'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434db'), 'name': 'Sree', 'address': 'India'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434dc'), 'name': 'Raghu', 'address': 'India'}

In [18]:

# "test" Database - "col" collection - delete multiple document 
print('Documents in Collection\n-----------------------')
for doc in test_col.find():
    print(doc)

# query to delete document
query = {'address':'India'}

#delete many document
test_col.delete_many(query)

print('\nDocuments in Collection after delete_many	()\n-----------------------')
for doc in test_col.find():
    print(doc)

 

Documents in Collection
-----------------------
{'_id': '0', 'hello': ['hi', 'sad', 'happy']}
{'_id': '1', 'hello': ['hi', 'sad', 'happy', 'for real?']}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de7f676c0c68074434d8'), 'name': 'Kiku', 'address': 'Germany'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434d9'), 'name': 'Kiku', 'address': 'Germany'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434da'), 'name': 'Lini', 'address': 'Sweden'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434db'), 'name': 'Sree', 'address': 'India'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434dc'), 'name': 'Raghu', 'address': 'India'}

Documents in Collection after delete_many	()
-----------------------
{'_id': '0', 'hello': ['hi', 'sad', 'happy']}
{'_id': '1', 'hello': ['hi', 'sad', 'happy', 'for real?']}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de7f676c0c68074434d8'), 'name': 'Kiku', 'address': 'Germany'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434d9'), 'name': 'Kiku', 'address': 'Germany'}
{'_id': ObjectId('62b3de87676c0c68074434da'), 'name': 'Lini', 'address': 'Sweden'}